Python Classes

The __init__() method in Python is a special method within a class that is automatically called when a new object is created, allowing for initialization and setup of instance variables.

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def greet(self):
        print(f"Hello, my name is {self.name} and I'm {self.age} years old.")


# Creating instances of the Person class
person1 = Person("Alice", 25)
person2 = Person("Bob", 30)

# Accessing attributes
print(person1.name)  # Output: Alice
print(person2.age)   # Output: 30

# Calling methods
person1.greet()  # Output: Hello, my name is Alice and I'm 25 years old.
person2.greet()  # Output: Hello, my name is Bob and I'm 30 years old.

In this example, we have a class called Person that represents a person. The class has an __init__ method, which is called when an object is created from the class. It initializes the attributes name and age using the values passed as arguments.

The class also has a method called greet, which prints a greeting message using the name and age attributes of the object.

We then create two instances of the Person class, person1 and person2, passing different values for the name and age parameters.

We can access the attributes of an object using dot notation. For example, person1.name gives us the name attribute of person1.

To call a method on an object, we use dot notation as well. For example, person1.greet() calls the greet method of person1, which prints a greeting message.

When running this code, it will output:

Alice
30
Hello, my name is Alice and I'm 25 years old.
Hello, my name is Bob and I'm 30 years old.